Latest Technologies: SIP Session Initiation Protocol

India Latest Technology - NANO

The much awaited Tata small car, which is giving sleepless nights to its rivals, was finally unveiled at the Auto Expo 2008. The small car, which is priced at Rs100, 000 (2,500 dollars), has been named Nano. According to the Tata Motors, the Nano will hit the Indian roads later this year. Ever since the Tatas announced their intention of developing the 1 lakh car (touted as people’s car), the auto industry experts have been raising doubts over the price, features, safety and specifications of Tata Nano. Have a look at specifications and other aspects of the Tata Nano, the four door mini-hatchback.

Looks & Dimensions of Nano: Keeping in mind the young age group, the Tata Motors has strived well to give the Nano a contemporary and stylish look. The snub-nosed small car derives inspiration from Fiat 500 and Nissan Micra. As far as dimensions of the car are concerned, Nano is 3.1 metres (10.23 feet) long, 1.5 metres wide and 1.6 metres high and can accommodate four to five people.

Engine: The small car sports a two cylinder 623 cc, 33 horsepower rear mounted multi-point fuel injection (MPFi) petrol engine. Tata claims that the car can touch the top speed of 105 kms.

Fuel Efficiency: Engineers at Tata Motors have designed an efficient engine that can run 20 Kms on every litre of petrol.

Pollution: Against the criticism and concerns of the environmentalists, Nano surpasses Indian regulatory requirements and Euro IV emission norms. In fact, Tata claims that the small car is less polluting than most of the bikes on Indian roads.

Safety: Tata says that they have tested the small car extensively for front, rear and side collisions and come out with a product that exceeds current regulatory requirements. The safety features of the Nano include a strong passenger compartment, intrusion resistant doors, seat belts, sturdy seats and anchorage.
Price: The base model of the car will sport a price tag of Rs 100,000 (2,500 dollars) which excludes taxes and transport costs. The high end/deluxe models will include air-conditioning and other features to be incorporated based on suggestions of the common people

Tuesday, January 22, 2008

SIP Session Initiation Protocol - I

The next evolutionary step after VoIP, networks, and IP Telephony, “SIP will bring Internet telephony to users’ desktops.” SIP represents the capability to reach someone regardless of location or device. Just as email can find you once you are logged in, SIP can do the same. SIP signals multiple devices until it finds you, or respects the fact that you do not want to be found. SIP is a signaling protocol. Its job is to broker communications between two devices, and once that communication is set up, SIP backs out. SIP has many of the characteristics of HTTP. It looks and acts like a URL. SIP addresses may look like an email address or even a telephone number. In fact, your email address is one way for SIP to find you. Some Example

sip:friends@latest-tech-fc.com
sip:+8185551234@gateway.com
tel:+8185551234

SIP resides at the application layer of the network and establishes, modifies, and terminates multimedia sessions between intelligent devices. This is an important concept in the world of convergence. Data networks have traditionally been unintelligent, but with very smart endpoints and devices. Telephone networks are inherently very smart, but with unintelligent endpoints (telephones).
SIP extends the intelligence of a data network out to the end user at the edge, while allowing the lesser intelligent core to forward communications requests without much effort. This makes the data network run more efficiently and effectively by putting intelligence where it is needed most. SIP also works between data and traditional telephony networks. It can broker a call between a manager’s analog home phone and an employee’s SIP enabled soft phone. If the employee is on a telephone call, it alerts the manager to another way of contacting the employee, such as sending an instant message using voice, perhaps via VxML, which is then converted to a simple text message and sent as an instant message to the employee’s PC. All the manager has to remember is the employee’s phone number.
SIP uses straightforward messages to set up, modify and terminate calls:

Invite – just like it sounds
Ack – call acceptance
Cancel – terminate search
Register – location of user (very important to the concept of presence)
Bye – ends session

SIP also easily integrates with other protocols such as the Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP) as well as working with Domain Name Servers (DNS) and the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP). SIP can handle connectionless requests using the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which is used for voice, or connection oriented requests using the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which would manage a chat session. All these protocols form a communications fabric that makes it easier to locate someone, regardless of how they spell their name or what telephone number they are using. According to Frances Carincross, an industry visionary, the corporate communications network, along with the Internet, will be the “connective tissue” of an enterprise. This corporate connective tissue enables workers that are at home, in the office, or on the road to stay in touch with each other as well as customers and suppliers.